Secondary Sources
2,000 Years of Chinese History! The Mandate of Heaven and Confucius: World History #7. Prod. John Green, Stan Muller, and Danica Johnson. By Raoul Meyer and John Green. Dir. John Green. Perf. John Green. YouTube. N.p., Apr. 2012. Web. 4 Nov. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylWORyToTo4>.
This short video gave us a descriptive history of dynastic China in less than fifteen minutes. It helped us by providing an overview of Chinese history, particularly on the subject of Confucianism and the Mandate of Heaven.
Anyang: Tomb of Lady Fu Hao. 2009. Photograph. Anyang: Final Shang Capital & Yin Ruins Museum. Picasa Web Albums. Google, 5 Dec. 2009. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <https://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/5n4U43QgeMGYLdy2HtbAKg>.
This photograph was used as an image on our website. It helped us to gain a better perspective of the layout of an ancient tomb of royalty in Shang China, and the types of treasures stored within.
Bingham, Jane. "Dynasties of China." The Usborne Medieval World. Ed. Fiona Chandler. London: Usborne, 2012. 70-71. Print.
This section of the book provided a short amount of information on the several dynasties of China during the Middle Ages. It also had information on the invention of gunpowder and Marco Polo's expedition to China during Mongol rule.
Bingham, Jane. "Mongol Invaders." The Usborne Medieval World. London: Usborne, 2012. 52-53. Print.
This section from The Usborne Medieval World was helpful in giving us information about the Mongols, mostly relating to their Chinese conquest, and also their prior history.
Chandler, Fiona. "The Chinese." The Usborne Ancient World. Ed. Jane Bingham. London: Usborne, 1999. 60-65. Print.
This book section deals with the Chinese from the pre-Shang era through the Han dynasty. It was very helpful in providing information on the subject as well as imagery for the site.
Chang, Catherine. Shang Tang Prayed for Rain with a Pure Heart and Compassion. 2011. The Epoch Times. The Epoch Times, 2 Aug. 2011. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/compassionate-tang-founded-the-shang-dynasty-59869.html>.
This artwork, which was used as an image for the Shang dynasty on the website, depicts the alleged creator of the Shang dynasty, Tang, who prayed for rain to save his people and was made king.
Chinese Farming Village. N.d. The Usborne Ancient World. London: Usborne, 1999. 60. Print.
This illustration depicting an early Chinese farming village which was used as an image on our site, gave us a better understanding of the layout and people of a Shang period Chinese village.
Communists, Nationalists, and China's Revolutions: Crash Course World History #37. Dir. John Green. Prod. John Green, Stan Muller, and Danica Johnson. By Raoul Meyer. Perf. John Green. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUCEeC4f6ts&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&index=37>.
This online video was used as a source of information on the 1911 revolution in China which led to the end of imperialism, although that was only part of the video as the rest dealt with Mao Zedong's communist revolution in 1949.
"Confucius (Chinese Philosopher)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/132184/Confucius>.
This online encyclopedia entry was about the Chinese thinker Confucius. It provided a short biography of him, as well as information on some of his teachings and writings.
"Han Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/253872/Han-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Han dynasty, as well as its culture.
"Kublai Khan (emperor of Yuan Dynasty)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/324254/Kublai-Khan>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Yuan emperor Kublai Khan, as well as additional information about Marco Polo's expedition.
Kublai Khan. N.d. The Usborne Ancient World. London: Usborne, 2012. 53. Print.
This image, which was used in our site, is a copy of a drawing of Kublai Khan in Chinese style.
"Ming Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/383846/Ming-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source on the Ming dynasty, particularly on its government and departments.
Mongol cavalry striking down a Red Turban rebel. Digital image. Cultural China. Cultural China, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://history.cultural-china.com/chinaWH/upload/upfiles/2009-08/18/red_turban_rebellion472390e83d04c8b2884f.jpg>.
This image was used on our site to represent the Red Turban Rebellion of 1368. It shows (labeled) a Mongol cavalryman striking down a Red Turban rebel with his sword.
"Qin Dynasty (China, 221-207 BC)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111681/Qin-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Qin dynasty as well as its culture. Also, it provided additional information on Qin Shi Huangdi, the emperor from the time.
"Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 AD)." China Connection Tours. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.china-tour.cn/Chinese-History/Qing-Dynasty.htm>.
This website was used as a source of detailed information on the Qing dynasty, particularly to its dealings with the Chinese.
"Qing Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/112846/Qing-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source on the Qing dynasty, otherwise known as the Manchu dynasty. It was helpful in providing detailed information on how the Manchus came to power in China.
"Shang Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/538446/Shang-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry is about the Shang dynasty. It was used as a source of information about the Shang's history, as well as its culture.
"Shihuangdi (emperor of Qin Dynasty)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540412/Shihuangdi>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the life of Qin Shi Huangdi, who was the first, and essentially only emperor of the Qin dynasty, but also incredibly influential to the country's history.
"Silk Road." Map. The Legacy of Ancient China. Baltimore County Public Schools, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/chinahist/images/silkroad.gif>.
This map which was used on our site shows the Silk Road at the time of the Han dynasty. It helped us to show the length of the Silk Road and how it connected the majority of the Eastern World.
"Song Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/573875/Song-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Song dynasty.
"Sui Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/572085/Sui-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Sui dynasty, which was not greatly discussed on our site. They were responsible for the Tang's love of art, however.
"Tang Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582301/Tang-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Tang dynasty as well as its culture.
"Warring States (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/636061/Warring-States>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Warring States Period during the Zhou dynasty.
"Warring States Period Map C.260 BCE." Map. The Human Journey. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <http://www.humanjourney.us/images/china260bce.jpg>.
This map, which was used as a visual aid on our website, depicts the borders of the different noble lands during the Warring States Period. It helped us to show the area each noble held at the time.
"Yuan Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/654422/Yuan-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Yuan or Mongol dynasty of China. It also provided some information about Kublai Khan.
"Yuan Dynasty: Extent of Empire under Kublai Khan, C. 1300." Map. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/39/64939-004-B5158311.jpg>.
This map, which was used on our site, shows the extent of the Yuan dynasty at the death of Kublai Khan. It helped us to show the expanse of the Mongol empire.
"Zhou Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/114678/Zhou-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information about the history of the Zhou dynasty, as well as its culture.
This short video gave us a descriptive history of dynastic China in less than fifteen minutes. It helped us by providing an overview of Chinese history, particularly on the subject of Confucianism and the Mandate of Heaven.
Anyang: Tomb of Lady Fu Hao. 2009. Photograph. Anyang: Final Shang Capital & Yin Ruins Museum. Picasa Web Albums. Google, 5 Dec. 2009. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <https://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/5n4U43QgeMGYLdy2HtbAKg>.
This photograph was used as an image on our website. It helped us to gain a better perspective of the layout of an ancient tomb of royalty in Shang China, and the types of treasures stored within.
Bingham, Jane. "Dynasties of China." The Usborne Medieval World. Ed. Fiona Chandler. London: Usborne, 2012. 70-71. Print.
This section of the book provided a short amount of information on the several dynasties of China during the Middle Ages. It also had information on the invention of gunpowder and Marco Polo's expedition to China during Mongol rule.
Bingham, Jane. "Mongol Invaders." The Usborne Medieval World. London: Usborne, 2012. 52-53. Print.
This section from The Usborne Medieval World was helpful in giving us information about the Mongols, mostly relating to their Chinese conquest, and also their prior history.
Chandler, Fiona. "The Chinese." The Usborne Ancient World. Ed. Jane Bingham. London: Usborne, 1999. 60-65. Print.
This book section deals with the Chinese from the pre-Shang era through the Han dynasty. It was very helpful in providing information on the subject as well as imagery for the site.
Chang, Catherine. Shang Tang Prayed for Rain with a Pure Heart and Compassion. 2011. The Epoch Times. The Epoch Times, 2 Aug. 2011. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/compassionate-tang-founded-the-shang-dynasty-59869.html>.
This artwork, which was used as an image for the Shang dynasty on the website, depicts the alleged creator of the Shang dynasty, Tang, who prayed for rain to save his people and was made king.
Chinese Farming Village. N.d. The Usborne Ancient World. London: Usborne, 1999. 60. Print.
This illustration depicting an early Chinese farming village which was used as an image on our site, gave us a better understanding of the layout and people of a Shang period Chinese village.
Communists, Nationalists, and China's Revolutions: Crash Course World History #37. Dir. John Green. Prod. John Green, Stan Muller, and Danica Johnson. By Raoul Meyer. Perf. John Green. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUCEeC4f6ts&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&index=37>.
This online video was used as a source of information on the 1911 revolution in China which led to the end of imperialism, although that was only part of the video as the rest dealt with Mao Zedong's communist revolution in 1949.
"Confucius (Chinese Philosopher)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/132184/Confucius>.
This online encyclopedia entry was about the Chinese thinker Confucius. It provided a short biography of him, as well as information on some of his teachings and writings.
"Han Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/253872/Han-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Han dynasty, as well as its culture.
"Kublai Khan (emperor of Yuan Dynasty)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/324254/Kublai-Khan>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Yuan emperor Kublai Khan, as well as additional information about Marco Polo's expedition.
Kublai Khan. N.d. The Usborne Ancient World. London: Usborne, 2012. 53. Print.
This image, which was used in our site, is a copy of a drawing of Kublai Khan in Chinese style.
"Ming Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/383846/Ming-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source on the Ming dynasty, particularly on its government and departments.
Mongol cavalry striking down a Red Turban rebel. Digital image. Cultural China. Cultural China, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://history.cultural-china.com/chinaWH/upload/upfiles/2009-08/18/red_turban_rebellion472390e83d04c8b2884f.jpg>.
This image was used on our site to represent the Red Turban Rebellion of 1368. It shows (labeled) a Mongol cavalryman striking down a Red Turban rebel with his sword.
"Qin Dynasty (China, 221-207 BC)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111681/Qin-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Qin dynasty as well as its culture. Also, it provided additional information on Qin Shi Huangdi, the emperor from the time.
"Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 AD)." China Connection Tours. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.china-tour.cn/Chinese-History/Qing-Dynasty.htm>.
This website was used as a source of detailed information on the Qing dynasty, particularly to its dealings with the Chinese.
"Qing Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/112846/Qing-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source on the Qing dynasty, otherwise known as the Manchu dynasty. It was helpful in providing detailed information on how the Manchus came to power in China.
"Shang Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/538446/Shang-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry is about the Shang dynasty. It was used as a source of information about the Shang's history, as well as its culture.
"Shihuangdi (emperor of Qin Dynasty)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540412/Shihuangdi>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the life of Qin Shi Huangdi, who was the first, and essentially only emperor of the Qin dynasty, but also incredibly influential to the country's history.
"Silk Road." Map. The Legacy of Ancient China. Baltimore County Public Schools, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/chinahist/images/silkroad.gif>.
This map which was used on our site shows the Silk Road at the time of the Han dynasty. It helped us to show the length of the Silk Road and how it connected the majority of the Eastern World.
"Song Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/573875/Song-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Song dynasty.
"Sui Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/572085/Sui-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Sui dynasty, which was not greatly discussed on our site. They were responsible for the Tang's love of art, however.
"Tang Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/582301/Tang-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the history of the Tang dynasty as well as its culture.
"Warring States (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/636061/Warring-States>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Warring States Period during the Zhou dynasty.
"Warring States Period Map C.260 BCE." Map. The Human Journey. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2014. <http://www.humanjourney.us/images/china260bce.jpg>.
This map, which was used as a visual aid on our website, depicts the borders of the different noble lands during the Warring States Period. It helped us to show the area each noble held at the time.
"Yuan Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/654422/Yuan-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information on the Yuan or Mongol dynasty of China. It also provided some information about Kublai Khan.
"Yuan Dynasty: Extent of Empire under Kublai Khan, C. 1300." Map. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/39/64939-004-B5158311.jpg>.
This map, which was used on our site, shows the extent of the Yuan dynasty at the death of Kublai Khan. It helped us to show the expanse of the Mongol empire.
"Zhou Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/114678/Zhou-dynasty>.
This online encyclopedia entry was used as a source of information about the history of the Zhou dynasty, as well as its culture.